PSO-based Load Balancing with Geographic Routing using Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (PSO-GPSR) for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)
Main Article Content
Abstract
PSO-GPSR (Particle Swarm Optimization-based Load Balancing with Geographic Routing using Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing), a unique strategy designed specifically for WSNs, is presented in this work. Using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to provide load balancing across sensor nodes, the proposed PSO-GPSR technique reduces energy disparities and increases the operational lifetime of the network. Additionally, it interfaces with the geographic routing protocol Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR) to enable effective data forwarding based on geographic locations, minimizing communication overhead and improving scalability. PSO-GPSR's efficacy is shown against traditional load balancing and routing methods via comprehensive simulations and performance assessments. The network lifetime, energy efficiency, throughput, packet delivery ratio, and delay have all significantly showed better performance, according to the results. Additionally, the PSO-GPSR algorithm demonstrates robustness against node failures and issues related to scalability, indicating a significant potential for real-world implementation in various WSN scenarios.
Downloads
Article Details
COPYRIGHT
Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described has not been published before, that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that if and when the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agree to automatic transfer of the copyright to the publisher.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work
- The journal allows the author(s) to retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions.