DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL IN HYDROLOGICAL AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES: METHODS AND APPLICATIONS
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Abstract
The present research focuses on using Digital Elevation Models also called DEM and the terrain parameters that are obtained from them for comprehensive landscape analysis, including slope, aspect, curvature, hillshade, flow direction, and flow accumulation. DEM are essential tools for understanding terrain morphology and hydrological processes, enabling the analysis of landforms, water movement, and environmental features. Slope and aspect provide critical insights into land steepness and sunlight exposure, influencing vegetation and land use. Curvature maps highlight the way terrain influences water flow, while hillshade maps enhance the visualization of topographic features by simulating lighting conditions. Flow direction and accumulation models are crucial for studying water pathways and identifying areas of potential flooding or erosion. These terrain attributes, when analyzed together, support several uses in geomorphology, hydrology, urban planning, agriculture, and ecological management, helping to inform Taking considerations regarding environmental sustainability land and management of water resources. This study demonstrates the power of DEM-based analysis in enhancing our understanding of landscape dynamics and addressing environmental challenges through advanced spatial tools and GIS software.
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