Strategies for Reducing Energy Consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks

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Nivedita Karamadi
Nagaraj Vernekar

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) consist of nodes that are usually battery powered and have restricted amount of energy. Energy consumption of nodes has to be reduced in order to increase the network lifetime. Hence energy management has become critical issue in WSN. This paper presents strategies to reduce energy consumption of nodes at communication and sensing level. We propose an optimized TDMA based MAC layer protocol-OLMAC (Optimized Lightweight Medium Access Control) protocol. This protocol exploits the inherent features of TDMA to avoid the main sources of energy wastage like collision and re-transmission, idle-listening, overhearing etc. A light sleep mode is introduced in OLMAC in order to reduce the switching energy consumption of nodes. This paper also discusses energy management strategy to reduce energy consumption of sensing unit in nodes. The strategies presented in this paper intend to reduce energy wastage in WSN and thus increase the network lifetime.

Keywords: WSN; MAC; TDMA; OLMAC; Energy consumption; communication unit; sensing unit; hierarchical sensing.

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